Dragon COTS 2,3 – Day 5 – Hatch Opening

Acronyms

After a long day of thruster burns yesterday, Dragon completed all of the tests for both the COTS-2 and COTS-3 requirements. Dragon was then given a Go to approach the International Space Station (ISS) first to the 30 meter mark and then to the 10 meter mark, where the SSRMS arm captured the spacecraft and berthed it to the Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA2) on the Harmony Node.

The SpaceX/Dragon hatch opening coverage on NASA TV will begin at 0930 UTC, Saturday, 26 May.

At 0930, the crew has opened the PMA2 hatch and are now equalizing pressure between the Dragon and the Space Station.

Diagram
Diagram of Dragon Location at the International Space Station
Image Credit: NASA TV

Hatch
Dragon Hatch Closed Prior to Opening
Image Credit: NASA TV

As shown in the diagram above, left, Dragon is currently located on the nadir port of the Pressurized Mating Adaptor (PMA) located on the Harmony module.

The next step will be to open the hatch and place air vent tubes to prevent particles from Dragon getting in the eyes and lungs of the crew. Once the air is well mixed (about 20 minutes), the crew will move inside Dragon and begin work unloading the cargo. Total time for unloading is scheduled for 25 hours.

Upmass: 1014 lbs

  • 674 lbs food and provisions
  • 46 lbs utilization payload: nanoracksetc, icebricks
  • 271 lbs cargo bags
  • 22 lbs computer, batteries, etc.

Downmass: 1367 lbs

  • 315 lbs Crew items
  • 205 lbs Science experiments
  • 760 lbs Pump assembly and other hardware
  • 86 lbs Spacewalk gear

At 0953 UTC, the hatch on Dragon has been opened. The ISS is 253 miles above the Earth, near Auckland New Zealand.

Inside
Inside view of Dragon at ISS
Image Credit: NASA TV

Hatch
Dragon Hatch Open
Image Credit: NASA TV

The crew has now installed the air ducts and will start the airflow. After 20 minutes, the crew can remove their masks and begin unloading the Dragon.

Don: “No sign of fog or dust floating, so ok to remove our masks. Size looks like it can fit in my pickup, and it smells like a new car”.

Megan: “We ask you to wear your dust masks per flight rules”.

So, the crew is anxious to get started, and Megan Benken at Cap Com says follow the rules.

Dragon COTS 2,3 – Day 4 – Update

Acronyms

At 1525 UTC, the command to maneuver to the pre-latch position was given. The solar arrays on the Dragon have to be turned to their zero position to allow the berthing.

Don Petitt is operating the Canadarm (SSRMS) and Joe Acaba is the Common Berthing Mechanism (CBM) operator.

At 1548 UTC, the command to proceed with first stage capture was given. Nominal 1st stage capture is complete. Go to take the SSRMS to “limp”. This takes the stress of the docking mechanism. With the SSRMS “limp”, GO for 2nd stage capture was ordered.

And at 1602 UTC, 2nd stage capture is complete and Dragon is officially secured to the International Space Station.

The first commercial spacecraft to be launched to the ISS has completed its berthing procedure.

Berthed
Dragon Berthed to the Pressurized Mating Adapter on Harmony
Image Credit: NASA

Dragon COTS 2,3 – Day 4

Acronyms

Joomla has the NASA / SpaceX Mission Briefing, which followed the Fly-Under on Flight Day 3.

Here are the slides and milestones for Flight Day 4 from the SpaceX Press Kit (pdf) for COTS 2,3.

Slide 2
Mission Profile for Dragon – Slide 2 – Flight Day 4 – Approach
Image Credit: SpaceX

HEIGHT ADJUST MANEUVERS TO CAPTURE Day 4 (Slide 2)

  • Height adjust burn, Dragon begins burns that bring it within 2.5 km of station (GO/NO-GO)
  • Dragon again receives and sends information from/to the CUCU unit on station
  • Height adjust burn, brings Dragon 1.2 km from station (GO/NO-GO)
  • Height adjust burn, carries Dragon into the station’s approach ellipsoid (GO/NO-GO)

Slide 2
Mission Profile for Dragon – Slide 3 – Flight Day 4 – Capture
Image Credit: SpaceX

RBAR TO CAPTURE Day 4 (Slide 3)

  • Dragon LIDAR Demo, shows LIDAR is providing Dragon with necessary information for proximity operations
  • Dragon holds at 250 meters (GO/NO-GO) for Demo Maneuvers
  • Dragon begins R-Bar Demonstration (GO/NO-GO)
  • Dragon holds at 30 meters
  • Dragon holds at capture point, 10 meters below the station
  • Station’s robotic arm (SSRMS) captures Dragon (GO/NO-GO)
  • Dragon berths

NASA has announced that integrated operations will begin around 0700 UTC, after which the space station control team in Houston will have authority over the progress of the mission. This means that the initial approach procedure has a GO.

At 0615 UTC, the HA2 and CE2 burns have been completed and Dragon has arrived at the 2.5 kilometer level shown in Slide 2 above. Integrated Operations have begun.

At 0640, polling for the GO / NOGO decision on HA3 was completed, and a GO for HA3 was given. The commands have been sent to Dragon. HA3 is scheduled for 0705 UYC.

At 0705, HA3 has begun. And it is complete. At 0615 UTC, the HA2 and CE2 burns have been completed and Dragon has arrived at the 2.5 kilometer level shown in Slide 2 above. Integrated Operations have begun.

At 0640, polling for the GO / NOGO decision on HA3 was completed, and a GO for HA3 was given. The commands have been sent to Dragon. HA3 is scheduled for 0705 UYC.

At 0705, HA3 has begun. And it is complete.

At 0717 and 0734, a series of mid course corrections (MCC) are expected. This will bring Dragon to the 1.4 kilometer mark.

The HA4 (Approach Initiation) burn is scheduled for 0811 UTC, with MCC at 0828 and 0845. Arrival at the 250 meter mark is now expected at 0921 UTC, where Dragon will perform a series of Advance, Hold and Retreat maneuvers shown in slide 3. Capture is now schedule for 1159 UTC, a little earlier than anticipated yesterday.

U-Stream has Dragon in sight of the Space Station.

MC2 has been completed at 0739 UTC, and the CE3 burn will follow.

Dragon is now 10 kilometers behind and 1.4 kilometers below ISS.

Grappling and Berthing with the Canadarm will be controlled by Don Petitt, Andre Kuipers and Joe Acaba using the Robotic Work Station (RWS) aboard the ISS.

Cupola
Crew Command Panel in the ISS Cupola
Image Credit: NASA TV

The CE3 burn began at 0749 UTC and is complete.

SpaceX controllers in Hawthorne are confirming that thermal imagers aboard Dragon are now picking up the ISS. Holly Ridings is polling her team at MCC-N in preparation for the HA4 burn. All stations are ready. The strobe light on Dragon has been turned on.

At 0812 UTC, the ISS is passing the east coast of the United States and heading into daylight. We should get some good views of Dragon.

The HA4 (AI) burn is now scheduled for five (5) minutes from now at 0820 UTC. And MCC confirms the burn has been completed.

Approach
Dragon Approaching from the 1.4 Kilometer Level (In Darkness)
Image Credit: NASA TV

An interview with astronaut Cady Coleman is coming up on NASA TV.

At 0844 UTC, Dragon has entered 1,000 kilometers.

At 315 Meters per SpaceX, closing at 0.24 meters/second.

At 0927, Dragon has closed to 275 meters.

At 0954, polling for demonstration maneuvers.

At 1008, Dragon is approaching 235 meters where the crew will issue a retreat command (second procedure in Slide 3 from left to right). Dragon will now retreat to 250 meters and hold.

1019 UTC, Dragon will resume the approach.

1020 UTC, Andre Kuipers has been told to issue a Hold command at 235 meters. This is the final maneuver on Slide 3 before continuing in toward capture.

At 1023, “Please send the Hold command now”. Andre has issued the Hold command. 237.4 meters and Holding.

Holding
Dragon Holding at 235 Meters from the ISS
Image Credit: NASA TV

In the darkness, you can see the strobe light and the thrusters firing (NASA TV).

Back in daylight at 1054 UTC, Dragon is holding at 236 meters while the data is being evaluated for a GO / NOGO decision on close approach. The LIDAR data is being cross checked against the thermal imaging data.

Mission Control has deemed the Hold and Retreat test to have been performed successfully.

At 1120 UTC Dragon is holding at 150 meters. This has been added by the crew. Don Petitt is asking about capture timing…thinks they may be grappling at night. Notes that all the SSRMS (Canadarm) lights are out. Ground has not determined a new capture time. Grappling will commence when Don says he has enough light.

At 1143 UTC, Dragon is continuing to 30 meters. This is expected to take about 30 minutes, which should put the Space Station in darkness (see here).

At 1200 UTC, Dragon is 100 meters from the space station. Both teams are monitoring the primary and secondary distances, which seem to be converging.

Coming up on sunset for ISS. Everyone is suggesting waiting for sunrise before capture. New capture time is 1310 UTC.

At 1200 UTC, Hawthorne has called a hold on the Dragon’s position 80 meters from ISS. The Hawthorne team is reconfiguring the LIDAR, swapping modes. Approach will resume. The SpaceX approach telecast will begin at 1245 UTC.

At 1220 UTC, Dragon is resuming the approach to 30 meters.

And now ground has called a retreat to 60 meters, and hold there. LIDAR data is the problem. Dragon holding at 72 meters.

Dragon and the ISS are about 20 minutes from sunrise. The hold is giving Hawthorne time to thoroughly test the LIDAR. SInce this is a test flight, they are testing. Gather as much data as you want and evaluate it. It will make future flights easier. And safer.

Sunrise at 1245 UTC. The problem seems to be reflections from the Japanese Experimental Module (JEM). The resolution appears to be to narrow the viewing angle of the LIDAR and avoid the stray reflections from JEM. Approach should resume in 5-10 minutes. Testing is good for new spacecraft.

At 1210, approach has resumed.

1213 and 30 meters and holding. It appears the LIDAR problem is resolved.

40 Meters
Dragon 40 Meters from the ISS
Image Credit: NASA TV

A key question now is whether there is enough time before sunset to move to 10 meters and perform the grapple. SpaceX and MCC-H (Houston) are polling for GO / NOGO decision on 10 meters. Hawthorne is GO. Still polling MCC-H. And the ISS crew is configuring the external cameras for capture.

At 1330, Dragon is moving to ten meters, about 20 minutes, for grapple. Approaching sunset and TDRS LOS in a little less than eight minutes.

1344 UTC and 15 meters. The strobe has been turned off.

11 Meters and one final poll to approve the grapple maneuver. And the answer is GO!

Capture Confirmed!!

Dragon COTS 2,3 – Day 3 – Update

Acronyms

At 1930 UTC on 24 May 2012, Dragon is located several hundred kilometers ahead of the International Space Station (ISS). It is scheduled to move above, then behind the ISS and eventually below as it moves back into the position from which it began today’s activities. From there, it will begin FD 4 rendezvous tests and eventual berthing.

The image below was taken from the ISS by one of the crew members during the fly-under.

Dragon Under ISS
Dragon Under ISS – Hi Resolution from The ISS
Image Credit: NASA

At 0200 on Friday, 25 May, the Dragon space craft is now 300 kilometers behind the International Space Station.

Dragon Under International Space Station

Dragon Under ISS
Dragon Under ISS
Image Credit: NASA TV

Dragon Under ISS
Dragon Under ISS Red Oval
Image Credit: NASA TV

Dragon Under ISS
Dragon Under ISS
Image Credit: NASA TV

Dragon South Africa
Dragon Passing Over South Africa
Image Credit: NASA TV

Solar Panels
Dragon Solar Panels Visible
Image Credit: NASA TV

Solar Panels
Dragon Solar Panels Visible
Image Credit: NASA TV

This image was captured moments before ISS contact was lost. Several minutes later, Dragon crossed Rbar and disappeared into the shadow of the Earth.

Dragon COTS 2,3 – Day 3 – Images

Acronyms

MCC-N
NASA Mission Control Center
Image Credit: NASA TV

MCC-X
SpaceX Mission Control Center
Image Credit: NASA TV

MCC-R
Russian Mission Control Center
Image Credit: NASA TV

Sally Ridings
Mission Director Sally Ridings (Right)
Image Credit: NASA TV

Cap Com Megan Benken (McArthur) to the left.

NASA TV
NASA TV Schedule
Image Credit: NASA TV

CUCU
CUCU – COTS UHF Communication Unit.
Image Credit: NASA TV

Canadarm
Canadarm – Grapple and Berth Dragon
Image Credit: NASA TV

ISS Sufferdini
ISS Mission Director Mr. Sufferdini
Image Credit: NASA TV

Sally Ridings briefing ISS Mission Director Mike Sufferdini.

Dragon COTS 2,3 – Day 3

Acronyms

Slide 1
Mission Profile for Dragon – Slide 1 – Flight Day 1-3
Image Credit: SpaceX

Most of Flight Day 2 (FD2) has been devoted to raising the orbit. See the “Phasing” portion of the Mission Profile Slide 1, above. At 2300 UTC on Wednesday, 23 May, Dragon is 560 kilometers behind ISS over the South Pacific approaching Chile, and closing at about 1 km per minute.

Flight Day 2 Objectives include:

  • Co-elliptic burns, place Dragon in a circular orbit
  • Height adjust burns, start adjusting altitude higher towards station

On 24 May, Thursday, 2:30 AM EDT (0630 UTC) – NASA TV provides coverage of the SpaceX/Dragon Fly-Under of the ISS – JSC (All Channels)

Flight Day 3 Objectives:

  • Height adjust burn carries Dragon 2.5 km below the station (GO/NO-GO)
  • Dragon demonstrates relative GPS
  • Dragon starts receiving and transmitting information from/to the CUCU unit on the station
  • Height adjust burn carries Dragon away from ISS
  • Dragon begins burns that carry the spacecraft above the space station (GO/NO-GO)
  • Rear height adjust burn
  • Dragon starts a series of maneuvers that place it behind and below the space station (GO/NO-GO) – (Red Arrow)

CE2-flyby burn will start at 3:47 am EDT, Dragon will fly by directly below the station (crossing the Rbar) at about 6:30 AM EDT, at a range of 2.5 km. Should be our first look at Dragon from the ISS.

SpaceX on Twitter: “Dragon Mission Update: First maneuver for fly That’s 4:00 under is predicted to be Thursday at approximately 1:00 am PT with crew ops occurring after”. That’s 4:00 AM EDT and 1100 UTC.

From Elon on Twitter: “About 110 miles away and the spacecraft is now in direct communication with the Space Station #Dragon”.

At 0645 UTC on Thursday, Dragon is 133 kilometers behind the Space Station and about an hour away from the HA2 burn (0758 UTC) that will raise the orbit to within 2.5 kilometers of the ISS. Following that 45 minutes later, will be the CE2 burn (0843 UTC). Then Dragon will slowly pass beneath the ISS, crossing the Rbar and moving out in front. Tests will include the RGPS (Relative GPS) and the commanding of the Dragon by the crew on ISS via CUCU. The command will be to turn on a strobe light (1028 UTC).

At 0715 UTC, Holly Ridings, NASA mission controller, has informed SpaceX in Hawthorne that they are go for the HA2 burn. Currently, this is about an hour behind the published schedule.

At 0725 UTC, communication with the ISS has passed to the Russian Mission Control Center.

At 0753, we are 5 minutes from HA2. Hawthorne has confirmed all computer commands have been uploaded.

SpaceX confirms Dragon has begun its HA2 burn. And the burn has been completed. CE2 burn in 45 minutes.

Dragon is 50 kilometers behind the ISS.

At 0843 UTC, the CE2 burn is underway. And completed. Nominal burn.

Dragon will now pass under the ISS at 2.4 kilometers. CUCU test preparation underway. The CUCU test is scheduled (1028 UTC) for 90 minutes from now. The R-bar crossing is scheduled for 1125 UTC.

The ISS crew has successfully used the CUCU to command Dragon to turn on the strobe.

At 1124 UTC, Dragon is crossing the Rbar (imaginary line from the ISS to the center of the Earth). See the image.

The DHA burn will occur at 1207 UTC, when Dragon is about 12 kilometers in front of the ISS.

At 1207 UTC, the burn has been completed. Everything is nominal.

From that point, there will be a series of burns that take the Dragon out in front, then up and around above the ISS. After that, Dragon will descend and take up position at the red arrow (see slide 1 above) in preparation for tomorrow’s approach, hold tests, final approach and grapple and berth with the ISS (see slide 2 below).

We will pick up activity tomorrow morning at 0600 UTC Friday (11:00 PM Phoenix time, tonight, Thursday).

Slide 2
Mission Profile for Dragon – Slide 2 – Flight Day 4 – Approach
Image Credit: SpaceX

Slide 2
Mission Profile for Dragon – Slide 3 – Flight Day 4 – Capture
Image Credit: SpaceX

COTS 2,3 Acronyms

Acronyms for all of us interested in the Dragon COTS 2,3 mission:

AGPS Absolute Global Positioning System.
AI Approach Initiation. Conducted to cross inside 1.2 kilometers.
CE Co-Elliptic burn. Designed to circularize the orbit after an HA burn. Also FCE. Forward Co-Elliptic. Performed approaching or ahead of the ISS
CBM Common Berthing Mechanism.
CBT Computer Based Training.
COTS Commercial Orbital Transportation Services.
CRS Commercial Resupply Services
CUCO COTS Ultra-high frequency Communication Unit.
CCP Crew Command Panel.
DCE Descending Co-Elliptic.
DHA Descending Height Adjustment.
DPC Daily Planning Conference.
DRA Down Range Adjust.
FHA Flyby Height Adjust.
FD Flight Day.
FRR Flight Readiness Review.
GNC Guidance Navigation Control.
HA Height Adjustment burn.
IMV Inter-‐Module Ventilation.
IMMT ISS Mission Management Team.
JEM Japanese Experimental Module.
KOS Keep-Out Sphere, An imaginary sphere drawn 200 meters (656 feet) around the station that prevents the risk of collision with the orbiting complex.
LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging.
LOS Loss Of Signal.
MC Mid-Course Correction.
MCC Mission Control Center.
MET Mission Elapsed Time.
OBT On Board Training.
PA Plane Adjust.
PMA Pressurized Mating Adapter. PMA-2 is currently mounted on the forward port of the Harmony connecting node.
Rbar Earth Radius Vector is an imaginary line connecting the space station to the center of the Earth. V-bar would be the velocity vector of the space station.
RCE Rear Co-elliptic. Performed behind the ISS.
RHA Rear Height Adjust.
RGPS Relative Global Postioning System.
ROBoT Robotics On Board Trainer. An ISS robot arm simulator.
RRM Robotic Refueling Mission.
RTL Ready To Latch.
RWS Robotic Workstation (JEMRMS and MSS).
SSRMS Space Station Remote Manipulator System.
SSSR Space to Space Station Radio.
TDRS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System.

Last edited 1336 UTC 25 May 2012

See also the NSSPhoenix Glossery.